781 research outputs found
Mars Spacecraft Power System Development Final Report
Development of optimum Mariner spacecraft power system for application to future flyby and orbiter mission
Production of Ions of Metals with an ECR Ion Source at FLNR (JINR) cyclotrons
Two ECR ion sources : DECRIS-14-2 and ECR4M are presently in permanent operation at the FLNR cyclotrons U400M and U400, correspondingly. During last two years the major effort were made in production of high current stable ion beams of solids with the relatively low melting point in the mass range from Li to Bi. Both the evaporator and MIVOC methods were used. Among the solids such an exotic beam as 48Ca was produced at the U400 cyclotron with high efficiency. The main results on production of solid ions will be reported
Exact Tagged Particle Correlations in the Random Average Process
We study analytically the correlations between the positions of tagged
particles in the random average process, an interacting particle system in one
dimension. We show that in the steady state the mean squared auto-fluctuation
of a tracer particle grows subdiffusively as for large
time t in the absence of external bias, but grows diffusively
in the presence of a nonzero bias. The prefactors of the subdiffusive and
diffusive growths as well as the universal scaling function describing the
crossover between them are computed exactly. We also compute ,
the mean squared fluctuation in the position difference of two tagged particles
separated by a fixed tag shift r in the steady state and show that the external
bias has a dramatic effect in the time dependence of . For fixed
r, increases monotonically with t in absence of bias but has a
non-monotonic dependence on t in presence of bias. Similarities and differences
with the simple exclusion process are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, revte
Study of Digital Competence of the Students and Teachers in Ukraine
Professional fulfillment of the personality at the conditions of the digital economy requires the high level of digital competency. One of the ways to develop these competencies is education. However, to provide the implementation of digital education at a high level, the digital competency of the teachers and students is a must. This paper presents explanations on the level determination of the digital competencies for teachers and students in Ukraine according to the DigComp recommendations. We tried to identify the main factors that reflect the degree of readiness teachers and students for digital education based on their self-evaluation. We also attempted to estimate the level of digital competencies based on the analysis of Case-Studies execution results. The complex analysis let us assess the connection between respondents’ self-evaluation and their real competencies. Here we provide a methodology and a model of level competencies determination by means of a survey, expert case rating and the results of the statistical analysis. On the basis of the obtained results, this paper suggests further research prospects and recommendations on the digital competency development in educational institutions in Ukraine
The relationship between attitudes, beliefs and physical activity in older adults with knee pain: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
Objective
To investigate how attitudes and beliefs about exercise relate to physical activity behavior in older adults with knee pain attributable to osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
We conducted secondary data analyses of a randomized controlled trial of exercise interventions (ISRCTN: 93634563). Participants were adults ≥45 years old with knee pain attributable to OA (n = 514). Crude and adjusted cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between baseline Self‐Efficacy for Exercise (SEE), Positive Outcome Expectations for Exercise (POEE), Negative Outcome Expectations for Exercise scores, and physical activity level, at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months (measured by self‐report using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly [PASE]), and important increases in physical activity level (from baseline to 6‐month followup) were investigated using multiple linear and logistic regression.
Results
Cross‐sectional associations were found between SEE and PASE scores (β = 4.14 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.26, 8.03]) and POEE and PASE scores (β = 16.71 [95% CI 1.87, 31.55]), adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. Longitudinal associations were found between baseline SEE and PASE scores at 3 months (β = 4.95 [95% CI 1.02, 8.87]) and 6 months β = 3.71 (0.26, 7.16), and baseline POEE and PASE at 3 months (β = 34.55 [95% CI 20.13, 48.97]) and 6 months (β = 25.74 [95% CI 11.99, 39.49]), adjusted for baseline PASE score and intervention arm. However, no significant associations with important increases in physical activity level were found.
Conclusion
Greater exercise self‐efficacy and more positive exercise outcome expectations were associated with higher current and future physical activity levels. These may be targets for interventions aimed at increasing physical activity
Acceptability, Feasibility, and Efficacy Potential of a Multimodal Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention to Address Psychosocial and Advance Care Planning Needs among Anxious and Depressed Adults with Metastatic Cancer
Background: Adults with metastatic cancer frequently report anxiety and depression symptoms, which may impact health behaviors such as advance care planning (ACP).
Objective: The study leveraged acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), an evidence-based approach for reducing distress and improving health behaviors, and adapted it into a multimodal intervention (M-ACT) designed to address the psychosocial and ACP needs of anxious and depressed adults with metastatic cancer. The study evaluated M-ACT\u27s acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy potential.
Design: The study was designed as a single-arm intervention development and pilot trial.
Setting/Subjects: The trial enrolled 35 anxious or depressed adults with stage IV cancer in community oncology clinics, with a referred-to-enrolled rate of 69% and eligible-to-enrolled rate of 95%.
Measurements: M-ACT alternated four in-person group sessions with three self-paced online sessions. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed through enrollment, attendance, and satisfaction ratings. Outcomes and theorized intervention mechanisms were evaluated at baseline, midintervention, postintervention, and two-month follow-up.
Results: Participant feedback was used to refine the intervention. Of participants starting the intervention, 92% completed, reporting high satisfaction. One-quarter did not begin M-ACT due to health declines, moving, or death. Completers showed significant reductions in anxiety, depression, and fear of dying and increases in ACP and sense of life meaning. In this pilot, M-ACT showed no significant impact on pain interference. Increases in two of three mechanism measures predicted improvement on 80% of significant outcomes.
Conclusions: The M-ACT intervention is feasible, acceptable, and shows potential for efficacy in community oncology settings; a randomized trial is warranted
A multifrequency study of the active star forming complex NGC6357. I. Interstellar structures linked to the open cluster Pis24
We investigate the distribution of the gas (ionized, neutral atomic and
molecular), and interstellar dust in the complex star forming region NGC6357
with the goal of studying the interplay between the massive stars in the open
cluster Pis24 and the surrounding interstellar matter. Our study of the
distribution of the ionized gas is based on narrow-band Hhalfa, [SII], and
[OIII] images obtained with the Curtis-Schmidt Camera at CTIO, Chile, and on
radio continuum observations at 1465 MHz taken with the VLA with a synthesized
beam of 40 arcsec. The distribution of the molecular gas is analyzed using
12CO(1-0) data obtained with the Nanten radiotelescope, Chile (angular
resolution = 2.7 arcmin). The interstellar dust distribution was studied using
mid-infrared data from the GLIMPSE survey and far-infrared observations from
IRAS. NGC6357 consists of a large ionized shell and a number of smaller optical
nebulosities. The optical, radio continuum, and near- and mid-IR images
delineate the distributions of the ionized gas and interstellar dust in the HII
regions and in previously unknown wind blown bubbles linked to the massive
stars in Pis24 revealing surrounding photodissociation regions. The CO line
observations allowed us to identify the molecular counterparts of the ionized
structures in the complex and to confirm the presence of photodissociation
regions. The action of the WR star HD157504 on the surrounding gas was also
investigated. The molecular mass in the complex is estimated to be (4+/-2)X10^5
Mo. Mean electron densities derived from the radio data suggest electron
densities > 200 cm^-3, indicating that NGC6357 is a complex formed in a region
of high ambient density. The known massive stars in Pis24 and a number of newly
inferred massive stars are mainly responsible for the excitation and
photodissociation of the parental molecular cloud.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Health literacy, health status, and healthcare utilization of Taiwanese adults: results from a national survey
Abstract Background Low health literacy is considered a worldwide health threat. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic covariates of low health literacy in Taiwanese adults and to investigate the relationships between health literacy and health status and health care utilization. Methods A national survey of 1493 adults was conducted in 2008. Health literacy was measured using the Mandarin Health Literacy Scale. Health status was measured based on self-rated physical and mental health. Health care utilization was measured based on self-reported outpatient clinic visits, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations. Results Approximately thirty percent of adults were found to have low (inadequate or marginal) health literacy. They tended to be older, have fewer years of schooling, lower household income, and reside in less populated areas. Inadequate health literacy was associated with poorer mental health (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35-0.91). No association was found between health literacy and health care utilization even after adjusting for other covariates. Conclusions Low (inadequate and marginal) health literacy is prevalent in Taiwan. High prevalence of low health literacy is not necessarily indicative of the need for interventions. Systematic efforts to evaluate the impact of low health literacy on health outcomes in other countries would help to illuminate features of health care delivery and financing systems that may mitigate the adverse health effects of low health literacy.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78252/1/1471-2458-10-614.xmlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78252/2/1471-2458-10-614.pdfPeer Reviewe
Lynds 1622: a nearby star forming cloud projected on Orion B?
We present results of optical spectroscopic and photometric observation of
the pre-main sequence stars associated with the cometary shaped dark cloud
Lynds 1622, and 12CO and 13CO observations of the cloud. We determined the
effective temperatures and luminosities of 14 pre-main sequence stars
associated with the cloud from their positions in the Hertzsprung--Russell
diagram, as well as constructed their spectral energy distributions using
optical, 2MASS and Spitzer IRAC and MIPS data. We derived physical parameters
of L1622 from the molecular observations. Our results are not compatible with
the assumption that L1622 lies on the near side of the Orion-Eridanus loop, but
suggest that L1622 is as distant as Orion B. At a distance of 400 pc the mass
of the cloud, derived from our CO data, is 1100 solar masses, its star
formation efficiency is 1.8%, and the average age of its low-mass pre-main
sequence star population is about 1 million years.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; accepted by MNRA
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